BSD systems
English edition published on .
BSD refers to a family of Unix-like operating systems originating in work at Berkeley. FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD and DragonFly BSD develop their own systems; they do not use the Linux kernel. Derivative projects such as GhostBSD offer a different experience built on one of these bases.
This category presents the profiles available in our catalogue without claiming to cover every BSD project. Browse the FreeBSD, GhostBSD and OpenBSD profiles.
BSD and Linux: what is the difference?
Linux is first and foremost a kernel, around which a distribution assembles tools and applications. The major BSD projects develop their kernel and base system together, then provide additional software through their own package mechanisms. The FreeBSD project’s introduction to BSD describes this organisation.
A familiar desktop does not make two systems interchangeable: drivers, administration commands and update methods may differ. To compare the concepts, see our definition of a distribution (in French) and the Linux catalogue.
FreeBSD, GhostBSD or OpenBSD: where should you start?
FreeBSD: configuring a system for your needs
FreeBSD is a general-purpose system used for servers, workstations and embedded devices. Its official website introduces these uses. The handbook chapter on packages and ports explains how to add applications. Before choosing, identify the software and peripherals you need and check their support.
GhostBSD: a desktop-oriented approach
GhostBSD builds on FreeBSD and provides a MATE desktop with preinstalled applications, according to the project’s introduction. This starting point may suit people who want to explore a prepared BSD desktop. You still need to check hardware, available software and GhostBSD’s own update instructions.
OpenBSD: a coherent system and administration tools
The OpenBSD profile introduces the project’s choices, PF network filtering, packages and graphical environment. It helps you check applications, hardware and maintenance requirements before installing. For release changes, see our OpenBSD 8.0 news article.
Other BSD projects to know
The catalogue profiles do not represent the whole family. To broaden your search, here are two other projects and their stated directions:
- NetBSD places particular emphasis on portability. Check its supported platforms for the architecture relevant to you.
- DragonFly BSD follows its own development direction and includes the HAMMER2 file system. Consult its documentation before relying on a feature for a specific task.
Four checks before a trial
- Hardware: check your CPU architecture, networking, Wi-Fi, graphics card and peripherals against the chosen system’s documentation.
- Applications: look for essential software in the project’s packages; availability on Linux does not establish availability on BSD.
- Maintenance: check supported releases and the update procedure on the official website when you install.
- Testing and backups: back up your files before installing. A virtual machine lets you explore the interface and commands but does not validate compatibility with your computer’s peripherals.
Introduction updated on , using the official documentation linked above. No hardware tests or performance rankings are presented.
